PAT (Portable Appliance Testing) should be part of any company’s Health & Safety policy, whether the business be large or small. It has been stated by the Health & Safety Executive that 25% of all accidents in the workplace are small appliance related. Therefore it is extremely important that, in order to comply with the Electricity at Work regulations, all firms take responsibility for ensuring all portable electric appliances be subject to a systematic, regular program of maintenance, inspection and testing:
- 1. Where appliances are used by employees.
- 2. Where the public may use appliances in establishments such as hospitals, schools, hotels, shops etc.
- 3. Where appliances are supplied or hired.
- 4. Where appliances are repaired or serviced.
The Institution of Electrical Engineers publish the “Code of Practice for In-service Inspection and Testing of Electrical Equipment” (ISBN: 978-0-86341-833-4) . This guide forms the basis for portable appliance testing in the U.K.
The Health & Safety at Work Act 1974 puts the duty of care upon both the employer and the employee to ensure the safety of all persons using the work premises. This includes the self employed.
The Management of Health & Safety at Work Regulations 1999 states:
“Every employer shall make suitable and sufficient assessment of:
- (a) the risks to the health and safety of his employees to which they are exposed whilst at work, and
- (b) the risks to ensure the health and safety of persons not in his employment arising out of or in connection with the conduct by him or his undertaking.”
A PAT tester is qualified to test the appliances in loco, i.e. where they are in use.
This is the testing carried out as a routine to determine whether the equipment is in a satisfactory condition.
In-Service testing will involve the following:
- (a) Preliminary inspection
- (b) Earth continuity tests (for Class 1 equipment)
- (c) Insulation testing (Which may sometimes be substituted by earth leakage measurement)
- (d) Functional checks.
Electrical testing should be performed by a person who is competent in the safe use of the test equipment and who knows how to interpret the test results obtained. This person must be capable of inspecting the equipment and, where necessary, dismantling it to check the cable connections.
The IEE Code of Practice states, those carrying out the inspection and testing must be competent to undertake the inspection and, where appropriate, testing of electrical equipment and appliances having due regard of their own safety and that of others. What should be considered is that the ‘danger’ to be prevented, includes not just the dangers which may arise during the testing procedure to the tester and others, but also the dangers which may arise at a later date as a result of using equipment which has not been effectively tested.
The tester must have an understanding of the modes of electrical, mechanical or thermal damage to electrical equipment and appliances and their flexes which may be encountered in any environment.
Posted in PAT, Portable Appliance Testing
Tags: PAT, Portable Appliance Testing